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Mathematical Foundations of Generative AI · Quiz 1 · Jan 2026

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Question 2 MCQ · 3.0 marks

The [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_3_2]] -divergence is written as [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_3_3]] with [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_3_4]] convex and [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_3_5]] . Which choice of [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_3_6]] gives the reverse KL divergence [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_3_7]] ?
Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_3_8]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_3_9]]
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  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_3_10]]
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  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_3_11]]
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 3 MCQ · 3.0 marks

Total variation distance [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_12]] corresponds to which [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_13]] in the same [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_14]] -divergence form?
Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_15]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_16]]
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  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_17]]
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  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_18]]
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 4 MCQ · 3.0 marks

Consider [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_19]] (forward KL). Its convex conjugate is [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_20]] Which is the correct closed form for [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_21]] ?
Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_22]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_23]]
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  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_24]]
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  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_25]]
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 5 MCQ · 3.0 marks

Let the discriminator be parameterized via a logit [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_26]] : [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_27]] , [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_4_28]] . If [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_5_29]] , then the optimal logit satisfies:
Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_5_30]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_5_31]]
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  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_5_32]]
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  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_5_33]]
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 6 MCQ · 3.0 marks

[[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_5_34]]
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  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_5_35]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_5_36]]
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  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_5_37]]
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  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_5_38]]
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 7 MCQ · 3.0 marks

Let [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_39]] . Compare generator gradients w.r.t. the discriminator logit [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_40]] for: [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_41]] If [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_42]] , which magnitude is correct?
Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_43]] , [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_44]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_45]] , [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_46]]
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  3. Both are approximately [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_47]]
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  4. Both are approximately [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_48]]
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 8 MCQ · 3.0 marks

WGAN-GP adds the penalty [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_49]] If for a sampled [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_50]] you measure [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_51]] and [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_52]] , what is the penalty contribution for that sample?
Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  1. 0.3
  2. 9.0
  3. 3.0
  4. 0.9

A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 9 MCQ · 3.0 marks

If the true data is conditional [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_6_53]] and the generator matches it perfectly, then the marginal of generated samples satisfies:
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  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_7_54]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_7_55]] for a fixed [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_7_56]]
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  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_7_57]]
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  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_7_58]]
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 10 MCQ · 2.0 marks

In PyTorch, you run: [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_7_59]] without calling **zero_grad()**. What happens to [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_7_60]] ?
Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  1. It is overwritten by the second backward pass.
  2. It becomes zero due to autograd safety.
  3. It accumulates (adds) gradients from both backward passes.
  4. It becomes NaN deterministically.

A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 11 MCQ · 2.0 marks

For fixed [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_7_61]] , the pointwise optimal discriminator [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_7_62]] for the minimax GAN is:
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  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_7_63]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_7_64]]
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  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_7_65]]
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  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_66]]
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 12 MCQ · 2.0 marks

Assume [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_67]] and [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_68]] are disjoint and the discriminator reaches [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_69]] . Consider the minimax generator loss [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_70]] Which statement about [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_71]] is correct?
Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  1. It is nonzero and large because [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_72]] has high curvature.
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  2. It is exactly zero (vanishing gradient) because [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_73]] and [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_74]] is locally constant on generated samples.
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  3. It equals [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_75]] .
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  4. It diverges to infinity.

A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 13 MCQ · 2.0 marks

(Classifier-guided sampler) Suppose you want an acceptance probability of the form [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_76]] and you approximate [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_77]] If [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_78]] and [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_79]] , what is [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_8_80]] ?
Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  1. 0.30
  2. 0.60
  3. 0.75
  4. 1.00

A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 14 MCQ · 2.0 marks

Which objective correctly represents a conditional GAN with condition [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_9_81]] ?
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  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_9_82]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_9_83]]
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  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_9_84]]
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  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_9_85]]
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 15 MCQ · 2.0 marks

In Wasserstein GAN, the discriminator is replaced by a critic [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_9_86]] . Which statement is correct?
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  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_9_87]] due to sigmoid, and must be calibrated probabilities.
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_9_88]] must output the exact density [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_9_89]] .
    Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_9_90]] (no sigmoid) and is constrained to be 1-Lipschitz.
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  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_9_91]] must be a classifier with softmax outputs.
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 16 MCQ · 2.0 marks

(Kantorovich–Rubinstein dual) The Wasserstein-1 distance can be written as:
  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_92]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_93]]
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  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_94]]
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  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_95]]
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 17 MCQ · 2.0 marks

“Latent regression” inversion trains an encoder / regressor [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_96]] so that:
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  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_97]] and [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_98]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_99]] and [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_100]]
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  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_101]]
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  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_102]] directly estimates [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_103]]
    Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notation

A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 18 MCQ · 2.0 marks

In BiGAN, what does the discriminator receive as “real” vs “fake” inputs?
  1. Real: [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_104]] ; Fake: [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_105]] only
    Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  2. Real: [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_106]] ; Fake: [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_107]] only
    Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  3. Real: pairs [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_108]] with [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_109]] ; Fake: pairs [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_110]] with [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_10_111]]
    Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  4. Real: pairs [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_11_112]] sampled jointly from [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_11_113]] ; Fake: none
    Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notation

A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 19 MCQ · 2.0 marks

In WGAN, why are multiple critic updates typically performed per generator update? The most accurate reason is:
  1. The generator has no gradients unless the critic is exactly optimal, so you must fully converge the critic each time.
  2. The critic should be kept closer to its optimum so its gradients provide a meaningful approximation to the Wasserstein distance and yield informative directions for updating θ.
  3. Multiple critic steps ensure the critic output becomes a probability.
  4. It is required only when using sigmoid outputs.

A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 20 MCQ · 2.0 marks

For 1D Gaussian features, let real features be [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_11_114]] and generated features be [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_11_115]] . The FID simplifies to [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_11_116]] If [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_11_117]] , [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_11_118]] , [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_11_119]] , [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_11_120]] , what is the FID?
Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 5

A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 21 MCQ · 2.0 marks

At an ideal BiGAN equilibrium (infinite capacity, optimal discriminator), the matched joint distributions imply most directly that:
  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_121]] is independent of [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_122]] .
    Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  2. The joint distributions of [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_123]] and [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_124]] match.
    Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  3. Only marginals match: [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_125]] , but nothing about [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_126]] .
    Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_127]] must be linear.
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 22 MCQ · 1.0 marks

The original minimax GAN objective is:
  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_128]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_129]]
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  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_130]]
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  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_131]]
    Source diagram or notation

A published solution is not available for this question yet.

Question 23 MCQ · 1.0 marks

Given a trained generator [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_132]] and a target image [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_133]] , “GAN inversion via optimization” computes:
Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  1. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_134]]
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  2. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_12_135]]
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  3. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_13_136]] for random [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_13_137]]
    Source diagram or notationSource diagram or notation
  4. [[IMAGE:c3240b78982312ff_13_138]]
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A published solution is not available for this question yet.