bt4002_2026T1_Q1_NA.pdf
Big Data and Biological Networks · Quiz 1 · Jan 2026
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Questions and published explanations below are available without starting a test. Some questions may not have a published solution yet.
Question 2 MCQ · 1.0 marks
DNA polymerase synthesises DNA in which direction?
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_3_2]]
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_3_3]]
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_3_4]]
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_3_5]]
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 3 MCQ · 1.0 marks
RNA polymerase binds to a specific DNA sequence called
Operator
Terminator
Promoter
Enhancer
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 4 MCQ · 1.0 marks
The sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that codes for an amino acid is called
Anticodon
Codon
Exon
Intron
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 5 MCQ · 1.0 marks
The transcriptome of a cell is
Constant across all tissues
Independent of environmental signals
Dynamic and condition-dependent
Identical to the genome
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 6 MCQ · 1.0 marks
GWAS is primarily used to
Sequence the entire genome of one individual
Study gene expression patterns
Identify genetic variants associated with traits or diseases
Modify disease-causing genes
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 7 MCQ · 1.0 marks
The amplification method used in Illumina sequencing is
Emulsion PCR
Rolling circle amplification
Bridge amplification
RT-PCR
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 8 MCQ · 1.0 marks
In a network, a 'bridge' node connects two otherwise isolated groups. If a node has 6 neighbors,
and 3 of these neighbors form a complete clique among themselves while the other 3 have no
connections to anyone else, what is this node's clustering coefficient?
0.50
0.20
0.10
0.33
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 9 MCQ · 1.0 marks
Consider the following network. If the efficiency ( [[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_5_6]] ) of the information flow from this network is
defined as the inverse of the average characteristic path length ( [[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_5_7]] ), such that [[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_5_8]] . The
efficiency of information flow from this network is
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_5_9]]
1.6
0.83
0.25
1.25
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 10 MCQ · 1.0 marks
Generate two distinct realizations of the Erdős–Rényi random network model.
Network 1: node_num=1000 and prob=0.001
Network 2: node_num=100 and prob=0.001
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_6_10]]
While plotting the degree distribution plot, which of the following statements best describes and
compares the degree distributions of these two networks?
Poisson; Poisson
Poisson; Binomial
Binomial; Poisson
Binomial; Binomial
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 11 MCQ · 1.0 marks
In the construction of a Watts-Strogatz Small-World network, the topology is governed by the
rewiring probability parameter [[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_6_11]] . If we set the rewiring probability to its maximum value, [[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_6_12]] ,
which of the following best describes the resulting network's structural behavior?
Regular lattice model
Random network model
Rich gets richer model
Configuration model
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 12 MCQ · 1.0 marks
In which of the following network architectures are degree centrality and betweenness centrality
typically most strongly correlated, particularly for the highest-ranking nodes?
Bipartite graph
Scale free network
Erdos Renyi network
2D lattice network
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 13 MCQ · 1.0 marks
What is the value of the clustering coefficient ( [[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_7_13]] ) for any node in a strictly bipartite network N with
average degree as [[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_7_14]] ?
1.0
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_7_15]]
0
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_7_16]]
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 14 MCQ · 1.0 marks
If you are tasked with deploying defensive equipment (such as anti-aircraft batteries or rapid-
response units) to protect a nation from air-to-ground attacks, and your primary objective is to
ensure that these units can reach any point in the network in the fewest possible steps, which
centrality measure should you prioritize for site selection?
Eigenvector centrality
Degree centrality
Betweenness centrality
Closeness centrality
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 15 MCQ · 1.0 marks
A network with a skewed adjacency matrix where most entries are in a few rows/columns is a
hallmark of:
Bipartite network
Erdos Renyi network
Scale-free network
US power grid network
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 16 MSQ · 2.0 marks
Transcription involves which of the following?
DNA as a template
RNA polymerase
Ribosomes
Ribonucleotides
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 17 MSQ · 2.0 marks
Which of the following statements are true regarding metabolomics and fluxomics?
Metabolomics is primarily a dynamic analysis of metabolic activity over time.
Fluxomics focuses on the rate of metabolite flow through metabolic pathways.
Metabolomics provides a snapshot of metabolite concentrations in a biological
system.
Fluxomics commonly uses stable isotope labelling to quantify pathway activity
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 18 MSQ · 2.0 marks
In the context of network ensembles, which of the following accurately differentiate an
Erdős–Rényi (ER) random network from a Scale-Free (SF) biological network?
ER networks are resilient to targetted attacks on hubs, while SF networks are
not.
ER networks always have higher clustering coefficients than SF networks.
ER networks have a homogeneous distribution, while SF networks are
heterogneneous.
The diameter of an ER network scales is typically larger than SF networks.
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 19 MSQ · 2.0 marks
The Power Law (Scale-Free) network model is a cornerstone of modern network science. However,
it possesses several structural and dynamical disadvantages when used to represent real-world
biological or infrastructure systems. Which of the following are recognized disadvantages or
limitations of this model?
Less vulnerability to Targeted Attacks: Because the network's integrity relies
on a small number of massive hubs, the deliberate removal of these high-degree nodes leads to a
rapid decrease in network diameter and eventual integration.
Lack of High Clustering: The basic Barabási–Albert model fails to produce the
high local clustering (triadic closure) observed in real-world social and metabolic networks, as it
primarily focuses on global connectivity growth.
Infinite Variance in Infinite Networks: In networks where the power-law
exponent [[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_9_17]] making standard statistical tools (like those based on Gaussian distributions)
difficult or impossible to apply to the network's properties.
The "First-Mover" Bias: The model assumes that the oldest nodes always
accumulate the most edges, failing to account for "late-comer" nodes that might become hubs
due to superior fitness or functional relevance (the "Fit-get-Richer" phenomenon).
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 20 MSQ · 2.0 marks
In a large, regular lattice network, a "shortcut" edge is added between two distant peripheral
nodes. Which of the following centrality measures would remain unaffected for the vast majority
of nodes in the network (excluding the two nodes directly involved in the new connection)?
Eigenvector centrality
Degree centrality
Betweenness centrality
Clustering coefficient of each unaffected node
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 21 MCQ · 2.0 marks
The following question consists of two statements: an **Assertion (A)** and a **Reason (R)**. Select the
correct answer from the options below:
**Assertion (A)**: The Human Genome Project revealed that a large portion of the human genome
does not code for proteins.
**Reason (R)**: Only a small percentage of human DNA consists of genes that are translated into
proteins.
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
A is true, but R is false
A is false, but R is true
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 22 MCQ · 2.0 marks
Match the following and choose the correct option
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_10_18]]
A–5, B–1, C–3, D–2, E–4
A–1, B–5, C–3, D–2, E–4
A–5, B–3, C–1, D–2, E–4
A–4, B–1, C–3, D–5, E–2
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 23 MCQ · 2.0 marks
Which of the following statements are true regarding enzymes involved in replication?
A. Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix
B. DNA ligase seals nicks between Okazaki fragments
C. Primase synthesises DNA primers
D. DNA polymerase I removes RNA primers
A and B only
A, B and D
B, C and D
A, C and D
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 24 MCQ · 2.0 marks
The following question consists of two statements: an **Assertion (A)** and a **Reasoning (R)**. Select
the correct answer from the options below:
**Assertion (A)**: In a Star Graph topology, the central hub possesses the highest degree centrality
but zero betweenness centrality in the entire network.
**Reasoning (R)**: The central node in a star graph acts as a mandatory bridge for all [[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_11_19]]
pairs of peripheral nodes that wish to communicate via the shortest path.
Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 25 SUBJECTIVE · 1.0 marks
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_11_20]]
Based on the above data, answer the given subquestions.
Identify the template strand for transcription.
**NOTE:** Your answer should not exceed 20 words.
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 26 SUBJECTIVE · 1.0 marks
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_11_20]]
Based on the above data, answer the given subquestions.
Write the RNA strand synthesised.
**NOTE:** Your answer should not exceed 20 words.
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 27 SUBJECTIVE · 1.0 marks
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_11_20]]
Based on the above data, answer the given subquestions.
Identify the start codon and stop codon (if present) in the RNA strand.
**NOTE:** Your answer should not exceed 20 words.
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 28 SHORT_TEXT · 1.0 marks
During Sanger sequencing of a DNA fragment, the sequencing gel shows bands in the following
order from bottom to top:
G, A, T, C, C, A, G, T, A
Based on the above data, answer the given subquestions.
What is the [[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_13_21]] end nucleotide of the newly synthesised DNA strand?
**NOTE:** Enter the exact answer without any extra space in the beginning or at the end.
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 29 SHORT_TEXT · 1.0 marks
During Sanger sequencing of a DNA fragment, the sequencing gel shows bands in the following
order from bottom to top:
G, A, T, C, C, A, G, T, A
Based on the above data, answer the given subquestions.
Which dideoxynucleotide (ddNTP) caused termination of the longest DNA fragment?
**NOTE:** Enter the exact answer without any extra space in the beginning or at the end.
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 30 SUBJECTIVE · 1.0 marks
During Sanger sequencing of a DNA fragment, the sequencing gel shows bands in the following
order from bottom to top:
G, A, T, C, C, A, G, T, A
Based on the above data, answer the given subquestions.
Why is the DNA sequence read from bottom to top in a Sanger sequencing gel?
**NOTE:** Your answer should not exceed 50 words.
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 31 SUBJECTIVE · 1.0 marks
The following DNA coding strand sequence is given: 5′-ATGACCTTACGATAA-3′. Answer the given
subquestions using this Codon chart.
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_14_22]]
Write the corresponding mRNA sequence.
**NOTE:** Your answer should not exceed 20 words.
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 32 SUBJECTIVE · 1.0 marks
The following DNA coding strand sequence is given: 5′-ATGACCTTACGATAA-3′. Answer the given
subquestions using this Codon chart.
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_14_22]]
Identify the start codon.
**NOTE:** Your answer should not exceed 3 words.
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 33 SUBJECTIVE · 1.0 marks
The following DNA coding strand sequence is given: 5′-ATGACCTTACGATAA-3′. Answer the given
subquestions using this Codon chart.
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_14_22]]
Write the amino acid sequence coded by this nucleotide sequence.
**NOTE:** Your answer should not exceed 10 words.
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 34 NAT · 1.0 marks
Consider the following network. Answer the given subquestions.
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_16_23]]
What is the diameter of the given network?
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 35 NAT · 2.0 marks
Consider the following network. Answer the given subquestions.
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_16_23]]
What is the characteristic path length of the network?
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 36 NAT · 2.0 marks
Consider the following network. Answer the given subquestions.
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_16_23]]
What is the clustering coefficient of node D if we add an edge between A and D?
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 37 NAT · 2.0 marks
Consider the following network. Answer the given subquestions.
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_16_23]]
How many new edges must be added to this network so that its density becomes 1?
A published solution is not available for this question yet.
Question 38 NAT · 2.0 marks
Consider the following network. Answer the given subquestions.
[[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_16_23]]
The maximum peak of degree distribution ( [[IMAGE:ee4b8a0fb5935f8d_17_24]] ) is at
A published solution is not available for this question yet.